射频微电子(影印版)/国外大学优秀教材微电子类系列 (2008 年度畅销榜NO.1465 )

本书共分9章。第1和第2章首先介绍了在射频电子学经常遇到的概念和术语，并给出了评价射频电路性能的主要指示；第3章定义和描述了模拟信号和数字信号的调幅、调相和调频调制方法；第4章专门介绍3种在无线通信系统中通用的多路存取技术；FDMA，TDMA和CDMA，及几种常用的无线能鹤标准，如GSM和Qualcomm公司的CDMA；第5章是本书的重点，讨论了无线前端收发器的结构和集成电路的实现；第6章至第9章详细讨论了低噪声放大器和混频器、振荡器、频率综合器和功放器电路原理和分析方法。

Preface\r\n01 Introduction to RF and Wireless Technology\r\n02 Basic Concepts in RF Design \r\n03 Modulation and Detection\r\n04 Multiple Access Techniques and Wireless Standards\r\n05 Transceiver Architectures\r\n06 Low-Noise Amplifiers and Mixers\r\n07 Oscillators\r\n08 Frequency Synthesizers\r\n09 Power Amplifiers\r\nReferences

近年来, 由于无线通信的广泛需求和迅速发展, 射频集成电路已成为IC集成电路设计中被普遍关注和大量研究的课题。 尤其是因为硅CMOS工艺的长足进步, 器件的截止频率已能满足多数现代无线通信应用要求。 在实现诸如无线局域网(WLAN)射频前端收发器的设计中, 其噪声性能也能符合要求, 因此了解和掌握射频集成电路的工作原理与分析方法, 对正确有效地设计射频、数字模拟混合信号集成电路是至关重要的。 Behzad Razavi所著的RF Microelectronics一书就是针对上述需要的。 它既可供高年级大学生或研究生作教科书用, 又可满足集成电路设计工作者进一步提高自身知识和设计技能的需求。 相对其他RFCMOS电路的书籍而言, 本书的特点是系统级的介绍较为详细, 即它将无线通信电路系统的描述、器件特性及单元电路分析融合在一起, 使读者有一个完整的概念。 本书第1和第2章首先介绍了在射频电子学经常遇到的概念和术语, 并给出了评价射频电路性能的主要指标, 如表征非线性度的1-dB增益压缩点和三阶交调点。 灵敏度和动态范围等。 其中对随机信号和噪声的描述很有特色, 例如定义随机过程为一组时间的函数或多次测量的集合, 这对理解随机信号的本质很有帮助。 在通信系统中, 模拟和数字信号的调制、解调是必须的过程。 本书第3章先用简洁的数学公式定义和描述了模拟信号的调幅、调相和调频调制方法, 然后自然地扩展到数字信号调制的幅移、相移和频移键控调制。 本书数字信号调制机理的讨论十分明了, 是一个对数字信号系统不甚熟悉的读者很好的入门介绍。 另外, 在书中还对各种调制方法的功率效率进行了讨论。 本书第4章专门介绍3种在无线通信系统中通用的多路存取技术：FDMA, TDMA和CDMA, 及几种常用的无线通信标准, 如GSM和Qualcomm公司的CDMA, 这些对了解系统的工作方式很有帮助。 第5章是本书的重点, 讨论了无线前端收发器的结构和集成电路的实现。 它在介绍单元电路之前, 先比较了各种接收器和发送器的结构, 包括外差和零差式, 然后给出了几种常见的无线收发器的设计实例。 这些设计都已在产品中实现并被用于无线系统中, 其中有GSM和DECT收发器的电路框图。 这些高层次的讨论对理解后续的构成收发器的单元电路设计和工作原理打下了基础。 本书的第6章至第9章详细讨论了低噪声放大器和混频器、振荡器、频率综合器和功放器电路原理及分析方法。 电路的实现以MOS器件为主, 但也有用双极型晶体管作实例的。 电路的工作原理讨论较为简要, 但对各个电路单元要达到的技术指标和评价标准给出了不少实际应用系统的具体数据, 这对于读者建立相关电路设计的定量概念颇有益处。 本书的作者是美国UCLA(加州大学洛杉矶分校)的教授, 他曾在HP实验室工作过, 有丰富的模拟电路设计经验。 近年来更在射频CMOS的电路理论和设计研究方面大有建树, 并成功地创办了用硅CMOS工艺实现的WLAN芯片设计公司。 他写的另一本有关CMOS模拟集成电路的书Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, 作为电路教学的教科书, 为美国多所大学采用。 如上所述, 本书在讨论RFCMOS电路的工作原理和分析上略为简明。 读者如果想了解更多的电路分析知识和方法, 来作为学习RF系统级设计。 分析的补充, 则可参考Thomas H。 Lee的The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits。 余志平于清华大学 2003年10月

The annual worldwide sales of cellular phones has exceeded $2.5B. With 4.5 million customers, home satellite networks comprise a $2.5B industry. The global positioning system is expected to become a $5B market by the year 2000. In Europe, the sales of equipment and services for mobile communications will reach $30B by 1998. The statistics are overwhelming. The radio frequency (RF) and wireless market has suddenly expanded to unimaginable dimensions. Devices such as pagers, cellular and cordless phones, cable modems, and RF identification tags are rapidly penetrating all aspects of our lives, evolving from luxury items to indispensable tools. Semiconductor and system companies, small and large, analog and digital, have seen the statistics and are striving to capture their own market share by introducing various RF products. RF design is unique in that it draws upon many disciplines unrelated to integrated circuits (ICs). The RF knowledge base has grown for almost a century, creating a seemingly endless body of literature for the novice. This book deals with the analysis and design of RF integrated circuits and systems. Providing a systematic treatment of RF electronics in a tutorial language, the book begins with the necessary background knowledge from microwave and communication theory and leads the reader to the design of RF transceivers and circuits. The text emphasizes both architecture and circuit level issues with respect to monolithic implementation in VLSI technologies. The primary focus is on bipolar and CMOS design, but most of the concepts can be applied to other technologies as well. The reader is assumed to have a basic understanding of analog IC design and the theory of signals and systems. The book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction, posing questions and providing motivation for subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 describes basic concepts in RF and microwave design, emphasizing the effects of nonlinearity and noise. Chapters 3 and 4 take the reader to the communication system level, giving an overview of modulation, detection, multiple access techniques, and wireless standards. While initially appearing to be unnecessary, this material is in fact essential to the concurrent design of RF circuits and systems. Chapter 5 deals with transceiver architectures presenting various receiver and transmitter topologie? along with their merits and drawbacks. This chapter also includes a number of case studies that exemplify the approaches taken in actual RF products. Chapters 6 through 9 address the design of RF building blocks: low-noise amplifiers and mixers, oscillators, frequency synthesizers, and power amplifiers, with particular attention to minimizing the number of off-chip components. An important goal of these chapters is to demonstrate how the system requirements define the parameters of the circuits and how the performance of each circuit impacts that of the overall transceiver. I have taught approximately 80% of the material in this book in a 4-unit graduate course at UCLA. Chapters 3, 4, 8, and 9 had to be shortened in a tenweek quarter, but in a semester system they can be covered more thoroughly. Much of my RF design knowledge comes from interactions with col leagues. Helen Kim, Ting-Ping Lin, and Dan Avidor of Bell Laboratories, and David Su and Andrew Gzegorek of Hewlett-Packard Laboratories have con- tributed to the material in this book in many ways. The text was also reviewed by a number of experts: Stefan Heinen (Siemens), Bart Jansen (Hewlett-Packard), Ting-Ping Lin (Bell Labs), John Long (University of Toronto), Tadao Nakagawa (NTt), Gitty Nasserbakht (Texas Instruments), Ted Rappaport (Virginia Tech), Tlrdad Sowlati (Gennum), Tmdy Stetzler (Bell Labs), David Su (Hewlett-Packard), and Rick Wesel (UCLA). In addition, a number of UCLA students, including Farbod Behbahani, Hooman Darabi, John Leete, and Jamb Rael, "test drove" various chapters and provided useful feedback. I am indebted to all of the above for their kind assistance. I would also like to thank the staff at Prentice Hall, particularly Russ Hall, Maureen Diana, and Kerry Reardon for their support. Behzad Razavi July 1997